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Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis: An Intraocular Inflammatory Mouse Model
Published on: January 12, 2022
Pediatric uveitis: a retrospective analysis at a tertiary eye care hospital in South India
Sowmya Raveendra Murthy1, Sailatha Ganesh2, Minija C K3
1Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Sankara Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Insights
Pediatric uveitis, often anterior or intermediate, commonly presents with complications. Early referral to tertiary eye care centers is crucial for better visual outcomes in children with uveitis.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Eye Care
- Inflammatory Eye Diseases
Background:
- Pediatric uveitis is a significant cause of visual impairment in children.
- Understanding its demographics, causes, and outcomes is vital for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the demographics, etiology, complications, treatment, and visual outcomes of pediatric uveitis.
- To identify key factors influencing vision in affected children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records of pediatric uveitis patients.
- Data collected from January 2014 to January 2020 at a tertiary eye care hospital.
Main Results:
- 65 children (6-10 years, 55.4% male) with uveitis were analyzed.
- Anterior (29.23%) and intermediate (27.69%) uveitis were most common; non-infectious causes (73.84%) predominated, with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) being a key association.
- Posterior uveitis was linked to poor baseline visual acuity; 70.76% had complications, often at presentation.
Conclusions:
- Anterior and intermediate uveitis are most frequent in pediatric populations.
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and toxoplasmosis are significant causes of non-infectious and infectious uveitis, respectively.
- Early diagnosis and intervention at specialized centers are essential for improving visual prognosis and rehabilitation in pediatric uveitis.
Purpose:
To analyze the demographics, etiology, complications, treatment modalities, and visual outcomes in pediatric uveitis patients at a tertiary eye care hospital.
Methods:
A retrospective review of medical records of pediatric uveitis patients who presented with us from January 2014 to January 2020 was evaluated.
Results:
Out of the 178 pediatric uveitis patients, 65 children were included in the study. The most common age group was 6-10 years (46%). Of the included patients, 36 (55.4%) were male and 29 (44.6%) were female. Presentation was bilateral in 39 (60%) and unilateral in 26 (40%). Anterior uveitis was seen in 19 (29.23%), intermediate in 18 (27.69%), posterior in 16 (24.62%), and panuveitis in 12 (18.46%) patients. There were 2 cases of masquerades. Non-infectious uveitis was the most commonly seen, in 48 (73.84%) of total cases, among which 21 (43.75%) were idiopathic and 7 (14.58%) were associated with juvenile idiopathic (JIA) arthritis. Infectious uveitis was present in 17 (26.15%); the most common etiology was toxoplasmosis. Baseline visual acuity was low in 22 (33.84%) children. After initiating treatment, 37 (56.92%) showed improvement in vision and 10 (15.38%) had worsening of vision. Intraocular pressure (IOP) rise was seen in 5 (7.69%) children; 51 (78.46%) children required medical management and 16 (24.61%) children required surgical intervention; 46 (70.76%) children had uveitis related complications out of which most of them 30 (65.21%) were present at baseline.
Conclusions:
Anterior and intermediate uveitis were the most common types observed in our study. Toxoplasmosis was the most common type of infectious uveitis and JIA the most common cause in non-infectious type apart from idiopathic uveitis. Posterior uveitis had low visual acuity at baseline and follow-up. Children presented to us with poor visual acuity and complications at baseline, hence an early referral to a tertiary eye hospital and management accordingly can improve the quality of vision and visual rehabilitation.
