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Related Concept Videos

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan01:25

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Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) and FibroScan are valuable diagnostic tools in gastroenterology and hepatology, each with specific applications and techniques.
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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
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Shearing Stress01:19

Shearing Stress

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Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
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Shearing Strain01:20

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The shearing strain represents a cubic element's angular change when subjected to shearing stress. This type of stress can transform a cube into an oblique parallelepiped without influencing normal strains. The cubic element experiences a significant transformation when exposed solely to shearing stress. Its shape alters from a perfect cube into a rhomboid, clearly demonstrating the effect of shearing strain. The degree of this strain is considered positive if it reduces the angle between...
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Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element01:16

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To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's...
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How to perform shear wave elastography. Part II.

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  • 1Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Medical School University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details optimizing ultrasound strain imaging and shear wave elastography (SWE) techniques for various organs. It covers examination methods, normal values, and potential issues for accurate diagnostic ultrasound examinations.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound
  • Elastography

Background:

  • Ultrasound strain imaging and shear wave elastography (SWE) are advanced diagnostic techniques.
  • Standardized methods for applying these techniques across various organs are essential for reliable results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide comprehensive guidance on performing ultrasound strain imaging and SWE.
  • To detail optimization strategies, normal values, and artifact identification for diagnostic applications.
  • To discuss the application of SWE across a wide range of organs and potential future developments.

Main Methods:

  • Review and description of established ultrasound strain imaging and SWE protocols.
  • Detailed explanation of examination techniques for specific organs.
  • Discussion of normal values, common pitfalls, and artifacts encountered during examinations.

Main Results:

  • Optimization guidelines for transcutaneous and endoscopic ultrasound strain imaging and SWE.
  • Specific tips for applying SWE to organs including the liver, breast, thyroid, salivary glands, pancreas, spleen, kidney, prostate, scrotum, musculoskeletal system, and lymph nodes.
  • Identification of common artifacts and strategies for their mitigation.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized application of SWE enhances diagnostic accuracy in various organs.
  • Understanding normal values and potential artifacts is crucial for effective ultrasound examinations.
  • This guide serves as a comprehensive resource for clinicians utilizing SWE in diagnostic ultrasound.