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The socket shield technique for immediate implant placement: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Momen A Atieh1,2, Maanas Shah3, Mohammed Abdulkareem4
1Chair and Associate Professor of Periodontology, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Summary
The socket shield technique (SST) for immediate dental implant placement preserves buccal bone width and height, improving esthetic outcomes. Short-term results show comparable complication and failure rates, but long-term studies are needed.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Periodontology
- Oral Surgery
Background:
- Immediate implant placement aims to preserve bone and soft tissue levels.
- The socket shield technique (SST) is proposed to maintain buccal bone and soft tissue.
- Strong scientific evidence for SST's clinical benefits is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of SST on hard tissue dimensional changes.
- To evaluate esthetic outcomes, implant stability, complications, and failure rates associated with SST.
- To compare immediate implant placement with and without SST.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Searched electronic databases for relevant RCTs comparing immediate implant placement with and without SST.
- Assessed risk of bias using Cochrane Collaboration's tool and analyzed data statistically.
Main Results:
- Seven RCTs involving 206 implants in 191 participants were included.
- SST significantly favored reduced changes in buccal bone plate width (MD -0.22) and height (MD -0.52).
- SST showed significantly less peri-implant marginal bone loss and better esthetic scores; no significant differences in stability, complications, or failure rates.
Conclusions:
- SST demonstrates short-term positive effects on buccal bone dimensions, peri-implant bone levels, and esthetics.
- Complication and implant failure rates were comparable between immediate implant placement with and without SST.
- Long-term RCTs are necessary to confirm these findings.
