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Acute and Long-Term Effects of Aortic Compliance Decrease on Central Hemodynamics: A Modeling Analysis

Stamatia Pagoulatou1, Dionysios Adamopoulos2, Georgios Rovas1

  • 1Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Physiology
|August 12, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Decreased aortic compliance significantly increases blood pressure by enhancing forward waves, leading to hypertension. Left ventricular remodeling sustains this effect and alters pressure wave characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Computational Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Aortic compliance is crucial for regulating cardiac afterload and preventing cardiovascular disease.
  • Understanding the impact of reduced aortic compliance on hemodynamics is vital for managing hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acute and long-term hemodynamic effects of decreased aortic compliance using computational modeling.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms driving hypertension and central pressure wave changes following aortic banding and left ventricular remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • A mathematical model of the cardiovascular system was employed to simulate hemodynamic conditions.
  • Simulations included a healthy baseline, acute aortic banding, and post-left ventricular remodeling scenarios.
  • Wave separation analysis was performed on simulated pressure and flow waves.

Main Results:

  • Aortic banding induced significant hypertension, sustained after left ventricular remodeling.
  • Hypertension was primarily driven by enhanced forward wave amplitude.
  • Left ventricular remodeling altered the augmentation index and shifted the central pressure wave phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced aortic compliance leads to sustained hypertension through forward wave enhancement.
  • Left ventricular remodeling plays a key role in maintaining hypertension and modifying wave dynamics.
  • Augmentation index may not solely reflect arterial properties and is influenced by cardiac remodeling.

Keywords:
LV remodelingaugmentation indexbandinghypertensionwave separation analysis

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