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Updated: Aug 18, 2026

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Published on: September 22, 2020
The influence of smoking on the level of lower limb amputation
1Limb Fitting Centre, Dundee, Scotland.
Abstract:
A review of smoking habits of 77 vascular related amputees demonstrated a high incidence of smoking significantly greater for men than in the general population. Male smoking amputees with atherosclerosis related peripheral vascular disease were found to have a high risk of having an above-knee amputation. Those with diabetes mellitus whether male or female, smokers or not, had a significantly greater chance of having a below-knee amputation. Overall, non-smokers were found more likely to have a below-knee amputation than an above-knee (p less than 0.05).
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