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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Comparing Alveolar and Long Bone Remodeling to Explore OTM Model Potential

Author Spotlight: Comparing Alveolar and Long Bone Remodeling to Explore OTM Model Potential

Published on: July 21, 2023

Incisor position and alveolar bone thickness.

Will A Andrews, Wakas S Abdulrazzaq, Jeffrey E Hunt

The Angle Orthodontist

|August 12, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Incisor positioning differs between optimal occlusions and Class II malocclusions, particularly in the mandible. Root apex positions vary significantly, impacting alveolar bone relationships in untreated cases.

Keywords:

Alveolar bone thickness Incisor inclinations Incisor root positions Naturally optimal occlusion

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Last Updated: Oct 24, 2025

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Area of Science:

Orthodontics
Dental Anatomy
Cephalometric Analysis

Background:

Understanding incisor and alveolar bone relationships is crucial for diagnosing and treating malocclusions.
Untreated Class II malocclusions often present with specific skeletal and dental discrepancies compared to optimal occlusions.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the position of incisors and their relationship to alveolar bone in individuals with untreated optimal occlusions versus untreated Class II malocclusions.
To identify cephalometric differences in incisor inclination and root positioning relative to alveolar bone.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 57 lateral cephalograms from individuals with optimal occlusions (mean age 23) and 57 with untreated Class II malocclusions (mean age 16.9).
Comparison of anterior-posterior jaw relationships, alveolar bone thickness, and incisor inclination and root positions.

Main Results:

Significant differences observed in jaw relationships, maxillary alveolar bone thickness, mandibular incisor inclination, and incisor root distances to alveolar bone surfaces.
Maxillary incisor roots were consistently closer to the labial than palatal alveolar bone (2:1 ratio).
Mandibular incisor root apices were equidistant in optimal occlusions but closer to the lingual surface in Class II malocclusions.

Conclusions:

Maxillary incisors are positioned in the anterior third of the alveolus in both groups.
Mandibular incisor root apices are centered in optimal occlusions but more inclined and posterior in Class II malocclusions.
These findings highlight distinct patterns of incisor and alveolar bone relationships in untreated optimal and Class II malocclusions.