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Updated: Aug 2, 2026

The 4 Mountains Test: A Short Test of Spatial Memory with High Sensitivity for the Diagnosis of Pre-dementia Alzheimer's Disease
Published on: October 13, 2016
[A critical confusion state of frontal origin in elderly subjects: difficult diagnosis]
1Service d'exploration fonctionnelle du système nerveux, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France.
Abstract:
The authors discuss the case of four patients aged over 75 years who presented non-convulsive, but confusional status epilepticus. The EEG recordings during clinical status showed bilateral spikes of slow wave discharges in the frontal region. Following slow intravenous infusion of 10 mg of diazepam, EEG and clinical status returned quickly to normal. CT scans were always unremarkable. The ictal confusion in later life seems to be an entity, actually frequently reported in literature, which needs better description.
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