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Updated: Oct 24, 2025

Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials
Published on: July 18, 2025
Boridene: Two-dimensional Mo4/3B2-x with ordered metal vacancies obtained by chemical exfoliation
Jie Zhou1,2, Justinas Palisaitis3, Joseph Halim3,2
1Thin Film Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. jie.zhou@liu.se johanna.rosen@liu.se.
Abstract:
Extensive research has been invested in two-dimensional (2D) materials, typically synthesized by exfoliation of van der Waals solids. One exception is MXenes, derived from the etching of constituent layers in transition metal carbides and nitrides. We report the experimental realization of boridene in the form of single-layer 2D molybdenum boride sheets with ordered metal vacancies, Mo4/3B2-xTz (where Tz is fluorine, oxygen, or hydroxide surface terminations), produced by selective etching of aluminum and yttrium or scandium atoms from 3D in-plane chemically ordered (Mo2/3Y1/3)2AlB2 and (Mo2/3Sc1/3)2AlB2 in aqueous hydrofluoric acid. The discovery of a 2D transition metal boride suggests a wealth of future 2D materials that can be obtained through the chemical exfoliation of laminated compounds.
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