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Choroidal structural evaluation in celiac disease.

Maddalena De Bernardo1, Livio Vitiello2, Michela Battipaglia3

  • 1Eye Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy. mdebernardo@unisa.it.

Scientific Reports
|August 13, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Celiac disease patients exhibit a thicker choroid compared to healthy individuals, irrespective of axial length. This thickening involves proportional increases in vascular and stromal components, maintaining the choroidal vascularity index (CVI).

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine.
  • Ocular manifestations in celiac disease are increasingly recognized.
  • Choroidal structure and vascularity may be altered in systemic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in choroidal structure between celiac disease patients and healthy controls.
  • To assess the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in celiac disease.
  • To correlate choroidal parameters with axial length (AL) in both groups.

Main Methods:

  • Observational case-control study design.
  • Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging (EDI SD-OCT) for choroidal imaging.
  • Binarization of OCT images to analyze choroidal vasculature, measuring total subfoveal area (TSA), luminal subfoveal area (LSA), stromal subfoveal area (SSA), CVI, and subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT).

Main Results:

  • Celiac patients showed significantly greater TSA, LSA, SSA, and subfoveal CT compared to healthy subjects.
  • No statistically significant difference in CVI was observed between the groups.
  • Correlations between AL and TSA, LSA, and SSA were found in both celiac and healthy subjects, but not with CVI.

Conclusions:

  • Celiac disease is associated with a thicker choroid, characterized by increased vascular and stromal components.
  • The choroidal vascularity index (CVI) remains unchanged in celiac disease patients.
  • Choroidal thickness is elevated in celiac disease independently of axial length.