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Aortic Valve Sclerosis in High-Risk Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Veronika A Myasoedova1, Stefano Genovese1, Laura Cavallotti1

  • 1Centro Cardiologico Monzino Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|August 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Aortic valve sclerosis (AVSc) is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and indicates a higher risk of long-term mortality. Detecting AVSc can improve risk assessment for these high-risk individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • The link between aortic valve sclerosis (AVSc), cardiovascular risk factors, and mortality in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients requires further clarification.
  • Large-scale studies investigating AVSc prevalence and its association with mortality in high-risk CAD populations are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of AVSc in high-risk CAD patients.
  • To assess the association between AVSc and long-term all-cause mortality in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational cohort study involving 4,938 high-risk CAD patients.
  • Aortic valve morphology assessed via echocardiography to identify AVSc.
  • 5-year all-cause mortality data obtained from a regional database.

Main Results:

  • Aortic valve sclerosis was detected in 43% of the study population.
  • Independent predictors of AVSc included age, female gender, diabetes mellitus, prior myocardial infarction, and left ventricular ejection fraction.
  • Patients with AVSc had significantly higher adjusted hazard ratio for all-cause mortality (1.29).

Conclusions:

  • Aortic valve sclerosis is prevalent in high-risk CAD patients and is linked to increased long-term mortality.
  • AVSc may serve as an underrecognized indicator of systemic cardiovascular risk.
  • AVSc detection can enhance the long-term risk stratification of high-risk CAD patients.

Keywords:
acute myocardial infarctionall-cause mortalityaortic valve sclerosiscoronary artery bypass grafthigh-risk coronary artery disease

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