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Chronic venous insufficiency, cardiovascular disease, and mortality: a population study

Jürgen H Prochaska1,2,3, Natalie Arnold1, Andrea Falcke1

  • 1Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55131, Germany.

European Heart Journal
|August 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is common and linked to cardiovascular issues. Individuals with CVI face a higher mortality risk, independent of other health factors, highlighting its significant health burden.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) significantly impacts population health, yet comprehensive data on its determinants and outcomes remain limited.
  • Understanding the prevalence and clinical profile of CVI is crucial for public health initiatives and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence, clinical determinants, and prognostic impact of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
  • To assess the association between CVI and cardiovascular comorbidities and overall mortality risk.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic phenotyping of 12,423 participants using the CEAP classification within the Gutenberg Health Study.
  • Multivariable Poisson regression and survival analyses were employed to evaluate CVI's association with cardiovascular disease and mortality.
  • Findings were validated in the independent MyoVasc cohort.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of CVI was 40.8%. Key determinants included age, female sex, hypertension, obesity, smoking, and cardiovascular disease.
  • Higher CVI severity (CEAP classes) correlated with an increased 10-year risk of incident cardiovascular disease.
  • CVI independently predicted all-cause mortality (HR 1.46), a finding confirmed in the validation cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is highly prevalent and significantly associated with cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities.
  • Individuals with CVI exhibit an elevated risk of all-cause mortality, independent of age, sex, and other clinical factors.
  • These findings underscore the substantial health burden of CVI and its implications for long-term patient outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
All-cause mortalityCardiovascular diseaseChronic venous insufficiencyEpidemiology

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