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First- and second-order transformational apparent motion rely on common shape representations.

K C Hartstein1, S Saleki1, K Ziman1

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, United States.

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|August 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transformational apparent motion (TAM) creates illusory shape changes. This study shows TAM perception is consistent for objects defined by luminance or texture, supporting a high-level shape representation.

Keywords:
Motion perceptionPsychophysicsSecond-order stimulusTransformational apparent motion

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Area of Science:

  • Visual Perception
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Vision

Background:

  • Transformational apparent motion (TAM) is an illusion where observers perceive continuous shape change when one object replaces another at the same location.
  • Previous research suggests TAM relies on shape representations, but the level of processing (low-level vs. high-level) remains debated.
  • Understanding the basis of TAM is crucial for deciphering visual object recognition and motion perception mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether transformational apparent motion (TAM) perception depends on a common, high-level shape representation.
  • To determine if TAM is perceived similarly for first-order objects (defined by luminance contrast) and second-order objects (defined by texture contrast).
  • To test the hypothesis that TAM is driven by high-level shape information rather than low-level visual attributes.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of transformational apparent motion (TAM) perception between first-order (luminance-defined) and second-order (texture-defined) stimuli.
  • Systematic variation of stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) to assess the temporal dynamics of TAM perception for both stimulus types.
  • Qualitative and quantitative assessment of the perceived motion percept in both first- and second-order TAM displays.

Main Results:

  • A compelling motion percept, characteristic of transformational apparent motion (TAM), was observed for second-order displays.
  • The perceived motion in second-order TAM displays was comparable to that observed in first-order TAM displays.
  • Both first- and second-order TAM exhibited similar patterns of perception across a range of stimulus onset asynchronies.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the high-level shape account of transformational apparent motion (TAM).
  • TAM perception appears to be driven by segmentation mechanisms that utilize high-level shape information, independent of low-level visual features like luminance or texture contrast.
  • This suggests that the visual system employs abstract shape representations for processing apparent motion, irrespective of the defining visual attribute.