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Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building01:26

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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
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Aggregates Classification01:29

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Aggregate classification is generally based on its size, petrographic characteristics, weight, and source. Size classification ranges from coarse to fine aggregates, defined by the size of the particles. Coarse aggregates are particles that do not pass through ASTM sieve No. 4, and aggregates that pass through the sieve are fine aggregates.
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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Design Example: Aggregate Gradation01:24

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The right type and quality of aggregates are crucial for concrete as they significantly influence its properties, mix proportions, and cost-effectiveness. If different sources are available for sand, the commonly used fine aggregate in concrete, the selection of sand is primarily based on its gradation.
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Deleterious substances in aggregates can be detrimental to the quality and durability of concrete. These substances include organic impurities like loam, which interfere with cement hydration and are usually present in the sand. These prevent a good bond between aggregate and cement paste. Organic impurities can be detected using the colorimetric test, where the darkness of a solution after agitation indicates the level of organic content.
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Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

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Quantitative methods for predicting underground construction waste considering reuse and recycling.

Rui Chen1,2, Lanxin Li3, Kai Yang3,4

  • 1Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China. rchenTGYX@163.com.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|August 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces quantitative methods to predict underground construction waste (UCW), aiding its recycling. Accurate predictions for shield sludge and engineering soil demonstrate the effectiveness of these mass conservation-based approaches for sustainable development.

Keywords:
Engineering verificationMass conservationQuantitative methodsRecyclingSource characteristicsUnderground construction waste

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Area of Science:

  • Civil Engineering
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • The construction industry's growth, particularly in underground space utilization, generates significant construction and demolition waste (CDW).
  • Underground construction waste (UCW) is a substantial component of CDW, yet lacks dedicated quantitative analysis for recycling.
  • Addressing UCW management is crucial for sustainable construction practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate quantitative methods for predicting UCW generation.
  • To analyze the source characteristics and recycling potential of UCW.
  • To facilitate the effective recycling and reuse of underground construction waste.

Main Methods:

  • On-site investigation and literature review to understand UCW sources and recycling potential.
  • Application of the principle of mass conservation to formulate quantitative prediction methods for different UCW types.
  • Verification of proposed methods using data from two real underground infrastructure projects.

Main Results:

  • Quantitative methods for predicting shield sludge and engineering soil achieved high accuracy rates of 82.03-95.79% and 94.49%, respectively.
  • The study confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed quantitative methods for UCW prediction.
  • Significant quantities of UCW with high recycling potential were identified in the case studies.

Conclusions:

  • The developed quantitative methods provide a reliable basis for predicting UCW.
  • Underground construction waste possesses theoretical 100% recycling potential.
  • Full reuse and recycling of UCW offer substantial environmental and economic benefits, promoting sustainable construction.