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Intersectional Discrimination and Change in Blood Pressure Control Among Older Adults: The Health and Retirement
Kendra D Sims1, Ellen Smit1, G David Batty1,2
1School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA.
Summary
Discrimination increases hypertension risk in older men, but not women. Experiences of discrimination also reduce antihypertensive medication use in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Gerontology
- Sociology
Background:
- The relationship between various forms of discrimination and blood pressure control in older adults is not well-established.
- Understanding these associations is crucial for developing targeted public health interventions for aging populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between multiple forms of discrimination and hypertension status and medication use in older adults.
- To explore potential gender differences in these associations.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from 14,582 noninstitutionalized individuals aged 51+ in the Health and Retirement Study (2008-2014).
- Primary exposures included everyday discrimination, intersectional discrimination, and lifetime discrimination.
- Outcomes assessed were changes in measured hypertension status and concurrent antihypertensive medication use.
Main Results:
- Lifetime discrimination was linked to higher odds of hypertension in men, but not women.
- Everyday discrimination due to multiple reasons was associated with increased hypertension odds in men.
- All forms of discrimination were inversely associated with antihypertensive medication use across genders.
Conclusions:
- Gender disparities in marginalization may heighten hypertension risk more significantly in older men than women.
- Experiences of discrimination appear to reduce the likelihood of antihypertensive medication adherence in older adults.
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