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Bipolar disorder and frontotemporal dementia: A systematic review
Marina Roman Meller1, Swara Patel2, Dante Duarte3
1Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
|August 14, 2021
Summary
Bipolar disorder (BD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have distinct biological and neurocognitive markers. Individuals with BD face an elevated risk of developing FTD, necessitating further research into conversion predictors.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Distinguishing between bipolar disorder (BD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is clinically significant.
- Understanding the relationship between BD and FTD can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate the biological, clinical, and neurocognitive differences between BD and FTD.
- To assess if BD serves as a risk factor for the development of FTD.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of 16 studies was conducted.
- Five studies compared biological/neurocognitive features of BD and FTD patients.
- Eleven studies examined the BD to FTD risk relationship.
Main Results:
- FTD patients showed higher serum neurofilament light chain and greater grey matter reduction than BD patients.
- Neurocognitive deficits varied, with FTD impacting executive function and theory of mind, while BD affected attention and memory during mood episodes.
- A history of BD was reported in 10.2%-11.6% of behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) cases.
Conclusions:
- Distinct biological and neurocognitive profiles aid in differentiating BD from FTD.
- Individuals with BD have an increased risk of developing FTD.
- Further research is required to identify predictors for BD to FTD conversion.
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