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Related Concept Videos

Multicompartment Models: Overview01:14

Multicompartment Models: Overview

311
Multicompartment models are mathematical constructs that depict how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They segment the body into several compartments, symbolizing various physiological or anatomical areas connected through drug transfer processes such as absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination.
These models offer a more comprehensive representation of drug behavior in the body than one-compartment models. They accommodate the complexity of drug distribution,...
311
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

279
Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...
279
Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model01:20

Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model

6.3K
The two-compartment model divides the body into central and peripheral compartments to account for varying blood perfusion rates among organs and tissues, affecting drug distribution. The central compartment includes blood and highly perfused tissues with rapid drug distribution, while the peripheral compartment contains tissues with slower drug distribution. After a single IV bolus dose, the drug concentration is high in plasma and low in tissues. The drug distribution between compartments...
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Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model01:14

Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model

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The single-compartment model serves as a simplified representation of the human body. This model assumes that the body functions as a single, well-mixed open compartment. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the body and quickly distributes uniformly. The drug then undergoes biotransformation and elimination, ultimately leaving the body. The volume of this compartment is referred to as the apparent volume of distribution into which the drug can uniformly distribute. In this...
2.6K
Two-Compartment Open Model: Overview01:05

Two-Compartment Open Model: Overview

300
Multicompartmental models are crucial tools in pharmacokinetics, providing a framework to understand how drugs move within the body. The two-compartment model is a crucial subtype, segmenting the body into central and peripheral compartments. The central compartment represents areas with high blood flow, such as plasma and highly perfused organs like the kidneys and liver, while the peripheral compartment signifies tissues with lower blood flow, like adipose tissue and muscle tissue.
The...
300
One-Compartment Open Model for IV Bolus Administration: General Considerations01:19

One-Compartment Open Model for IV Bolus Administration: General Considerations

414
The one-compartment model is a pharmacokinetic tool that models the body as a single, uniform compartment, facilitating the understanding of drug distribution and elimination. This model is particularly beneficial for intravenous (IV) bolus administration, where the drug rapidly circulates throughout the body.
The drug's presence in the body is defined by an equation representing the difference between the rates of drug entry and exit. Key parameters—elimination rate constant,...
414

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Modular design principle based on compartmental drug delivery systems.

Georgios K Eleftheriadis1, Natalja Genina2, Johan Boetker2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|August 14, 2021
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Summary

Innovative additive manufacturing enables personalized medicine through modular drug design. This approach allows for customized, multi-drug formulations and controlled release, moving beyond traditional mass production methods for better patient therapies.

Keywords:
3D printingAdditive manufacturingCompartmental systemsDigital reconstructionDrug deliveryIngestible electronicsIntellectual propertyModular systemsSmart medications

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
  • Materials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Current oral solid dosage form manufacturing relies on outdated 19th-century technologies.
  • Existing methods are suitable for mass production but lack personalization and customization capabilities.
  • There is a growing demand for advanced manufacturing concepts to improve patient therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review compartmentalized product design principles in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
  • To explore the integration of these principles with edible electronics.
  • To enable innovative control over drug release mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Additive manufacturing for creating spatially separated multidrug and functional excipient compartments.
  • Modular design principles for combining drug-containing building blocks into final products.
  • Integration of compartmentalized designs with edible electronics for advanced functionality.

Main Results:

  • Additive manufacturing facilitates the creation of complex, compartmentalized drug product structures.
  • Modular design enables the assembly of personalized pharmaceutical products based on individual patient needs.
  • The integration with edible electronics offers novel avenues for controlled drug release.

Conclusions:

  • Additive manufacturing and modular design represent a paradigm shift in pharmaceutical production.
  • These innovations pave the way for personalized medicine through tailored drug formulations.
  • The combination with edible electronics promises enhanced control over drug release and therapeutic outcomes.