Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods01:21

Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods

31
Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...
31
One-Compartment Open Model for IV Bolus Administration: Estimation of Clearance00:56

One-Compartment Open Model for IV Bolus Administration: Estimation of Clearance

171
Clearance is a key pharmacokinetic parameter that quantifies the volume of body fluid from which a drug is entirely removed within a specific time frame. It is crucial in assessing how a drug is eliminated from the body and has critical clinical applications.
In the one-compartment open model for intravenous (IV) bolus administration, clearance is estimated by dividing the elimination rate by the plasma drug concentration. This equation leverages the elimination rate constant and the apparent...
171
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

31
In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
31
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

56
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
56
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

42
A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
42
Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

7.3K
Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
7.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quantitative accuracy of <sup>177</sup>Lu SPECT/CT imaging using ring-shaped CZT versus dual-head NaI systems.

EJNMMI physics·2026
Same author

Monte Carlo calculated beam quality correction factors for light ions used in particle therapy.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same author

Fully Automated Stain Quantification Framework for IHC Whole Slide Images in Breast Cancer.

Technology in cancer research & treatment·2026
Same author

Monte Carlo derivation of beam quality correction factors in proton beams: a comparison of Geant4 versions.

Biomedical physics & engineering express·2026
Same author

A Computational Multinephron Model for Small-Scale Preclinical Renal Dosimetry in Radiopharmaceutical Therapy.

Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine·2025
Same author

Development and Validation of an <sup>18</sup>F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography-Based Imaging Score to Predict 12-Week Life Expectancy in Advanced Chemorefractory Colorectal Cancer.

JCO clinical cancer informatics·2025
Same journal

Proton RBE for in vivo model systems: LET and dose dependencies for early and late biological endpoints.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
Same journal

AI-augmented thyroid scintigraphy for robust classification of disease.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
Same journal

Updating national diagnostic reference levels for adult cardiac interventional procedures in Switzerland.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
Same journal

Adoption of AI-driven automation and adaptive radiotherapy in clinical practice: results from a national survey.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
Same journal

Sivan Unit (SU) for standardization of voxel intensity in CBCT: A multi-vendor, multi-centric validation study.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
Same journal

VIT-MBRT, a GPU accelerated Monte Carlo tool for investigations on preclinical minibeam radiation therapy.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 24, 2025

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
07:31

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

12.0K

Dose calculation validation of a convolution algorithm in a solid water phantom.

François Dubus1, Nick Reynaert2

  • 1Medical Physics Department, University Hospital, Lille, France.

Physica Medica : PM : an International Journal Devoted to the Applications of Physics to Medicine and Biology : Official Journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
|August 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate dose calculation in Gamma Knife requires adapting the CT calibration curve for solid water phantoms. This ensures convolution algorithms, which consider electron density, precisely compute radiation doses.

Keywords:
CT calibration curveDose calculation algorithmElectron densitySolid water phantom

More Related Videos

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ &#945; and &#946; Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K
Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 24, 2025

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
07:31

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

12.0K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ &#945; and &#946; Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.4K
Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform
07:57

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Convolution algorithms for radiation dose calculation require validation in phantoms.
  • Accurate dose calculation is crucial for Gamma Knife treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose calculation accuracy of a convolution algorithm in a solid water phantom.
  • To compare the convolution algorithm with the TMR10 algorithm for Gamma Knife dosimetry.

Main Methods:

  • Modified the CT calibration curve to adjust electron density for the solid water phantom.
  • Compared absolute dose calculations and depth dose profiles between convolution and TMR10 algorithms.
  • Performed delivery quality assurance on a patient treatment recalculated in the solid water phantom.

Main Results:

  • The modified CT calibration curve enabled the convolution algorithm to calculate absolute dose within 1% of the TMR10 algorithm.
  • Depth dose profiles from the convolution algorithm closely matched TMR10 and measured profiles with the modified curve.
  • Gamma index analysis indicated superior agreement, exceeding 93%.

Conclusions:

  • Convolution algorithms necessitate a phantom-specific CT calibration curve for accurate dose computation in water-equivalent materials.
  • Adapting the CT calibration curve is essential for reliable Gamma Knife dosimetry using electron density-aware algorithms.