Promoting Prognostic Model Application: A Review Based on Gliomas

Malignant neoplasms are characterized by poor therapeutic efficacy, high recurrence rate, and extensive metastasis, leading to short survival. Previous methods for grouping prognostic risks are based on anatomic, clinical, and pathological features that exhibit lower distinguishing capability compared with genetic signatures. The update of sequencing techniques and machine learning promotes the genetic panels-based prognostic model development, especially the RNA-panel models. Gliomas harbor the most malignant features and the poorest survival among all tumors. Currently, numerous glioma prognostic models have been reported. We systematically reviewed all 138 machine-learning-based genetic models and proposed novel criteria in assessing their quality. Besides, the biological and clinical significance of some highly overlapped glioma markers in these models were discussed. This study screened out markers with strong prognostic potential and 27 models presenting high quality. Conclusively, we comprehensively reviewed 138 prognostic models combined with glioma genetic panels and presented novel criteria for the development and assessment of clinically important prognostic models. This will guide the genetic models in cancers from laboratory-based research studies to clinical applications and improve glioma patient prognostic management.