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Lung Function and Symptoms in Post-COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Center Experience
Nicola Mumoli1, Aldo Bonaventura2, Alessandra Colombo1
1Department of Internal Medicine, ASST Ovest Milanese, Magenta (MI), Italy.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Innovations, Quality & Outcomes
|August 16, 2021
Summary
Long COVID can cause persistent lung damage and symptoms like dyspnea and cough, even after inflammation resolves. Post-COVID-19 clinics are crucial for monitoring patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Radiology
Background:
- Clinical sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain incompletely understood.
- Hospitalized COVID-19 patients may experience prolonged respiratory issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical sequelae of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.
- To assess lung function, symptoms, and imaging findings 3 months post-hospitalization.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 88 hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- Evaluated arterial blood gas analysis, inflammatory biomarkers, and chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans.
- Primary endpoint: blood gas exchange assessment at 3 months.
Main Results:
- Significant improvement in arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fractional inspired oxygen ratio (P/F ratio) after 3 months (P<.001), though 40% remained hypocapnic.
- Inflammatory biomarkers normalized, but over half showed persistent interstitial lung involvement on HRCT.
- New onset dyspnea on exertion and arthralgias were noted, and cough correlated with bronchiectasis/consolidation.
Conclusions:
- Lung damage and interstitial involvement persist longer than inflammatory markers post-COVID-19.
- Highlights the necessity of dedicated post-COVID-19 outpatient clinics for ongoing patient management.
- Supports long-term follow-up for hospitalized COVID-19 survivors to monitor persistent sequelae.
Keywords:
ABG, arterial blood gasCOVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019CRP, C-reactive proteinCT, computed tomographyDOE, dyspnea on exertionGGO, ground-glass opacityHRCT, high-resolution computed tomographyIQR, interquartile rangePFT, pulmonary function testPaCO2, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxidePaO2, arterial partial pressure of oxygenPaO2/FiO2, ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fractional inspired oxygenSARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2V/Q, ventilation/perfusion ratio
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