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The vascular niche in next generation microphysiological systems.

Makena L Ewald1, Yu-Hsi Chen, Abraham P Lee

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. cchughes@uci.edu.

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|August 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Microphysiological systems (MPS) offer better preclinical drug modeling. Incorporating functional vasculature into MPS enhances their ability to mimic human organs and study stem cell development.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Microphysiological systems (MPS), or organ-on-a-chip platforms, aim to improve preclinical drug testing accuracy.
  • Functional vasculature is crucial for organ development, nutrient transport, and maintaining tissue identity.
  • Current MPS designs often lack integrated vascular networks, limiting their physiological relevance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing vascularized MPS platforms.
  • To discuss considerations for developing next-generation MPS with functional vasculature.
  • To highlight the role of vasculature in organ patterning and stem cell development within MPS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published vascularized MPS platforms.
  • Analysis of the role of vasculature in organogenesis and stem cell niches.
  • Discussion of future directions for MPS design and application.

Main Results:

  • Vascular networks are essential for recapitulating organ-specific microenvironments in vitro.
  • Vascularization in MPS can support stem cell survival and function.
  • Angiocrine factors from vasculature influence tissue identity and patterning.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating functional vasculature into MPS is a critical advancement for preclinical modeling.
  • Vascularized MPS provide a unique platform for studying stem cell development and organ patterning.
  • Future MPS incorporating vascular niches will enhance the predictive power of in vitro drug testing and disease modeling.