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Updated: Oct 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Fluorescence-Based Quantification of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Superoxide Levels Using Live Imaging in HeLa Cells
Published on: May 12, 2023
A red-emissive two-photon fluorescent probe for mitochondrial sodium ions in live tissue
Vinayak Juvekar1, Myoung Ki Cho1, Hyo Won Lee1
1Department of Energy Systems Research and Department of Chemistry, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea. kimhm@ajou.ac.kr.
Abstract:
A cyclocyanine (CC)-based organic small molecule two-photon (TP) fluorescent probe (CCNa1) was developed for mitochondrial sodium ion sensing. CCNa1 exhibits a low solvatochromic shift and strong TP fluorescence enhancement at 575 nm upon binding to Na+ and is insensitive to other metal ions and to pH. CCNa1 demonstrated fast cell loading ability, biocompatibility, and sensitive response to mitochondrial Na+ influx in live cells and mouse brain tissue.

