Omic methodologies for assessing metal(-loid)s-host-microbiota interplay: A review
Sara Ramírez-Acosta1, Ana Arias-Borrego1, Francisco Navarro-Roldán2
1Research Center of Natural Resources, Health and the Environment (RENSMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Fuerzas Armadas Ave., Huelva, Spain.
Analytica Chimica Acta
|August 17, 2021
Summary
Integrating metallomics and microbiota analysis offers deeper insights into microbial functions, especially concerning metal exposure and the gut-brain axis. Advanced analytical workflows are crucial for understanding these complex interactions in health and disease.
Area of Science:
- Multi-omics integration for systems biology and biomedical research.
- Environmental and food analysis utilizing advanced omic techniques.
Background:
- Omic methodologies are vital in systems biology, biomedicine, and environmental/food analysis.
- Metagenomic studies primarily focus on gene and taxa identification, offering limited functional insights.
- Understanding microbial functionality in dysbiosis, particularly metal/metalloid exposure, requires integrated omics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current analytical methodologies for metallomics and microbiota analysis.
- To highlight the advantages and drawbacks of combined meta-omic approaches.
- To emphasize the need for advanced workflows in studying metal/metalloid impact on gut microbiota and the gut-brain axis.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing analytical techniques for metallomics and microbiota.
- Discussion of integrated omic approaches (metagenomics, metabolomics, metallomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics).
- Focus on advanced workflows combining high-resolution mass spectrometry and heteroatom-tagged proteomics (e.g., ICP-MS).
Main Results:
- Current metagenomic approaches provide limited functional information.
- Integrated omics, including metallomics, are essential for deeper understanding of microbial functionality.
- New analytical workflows are needed to quantify metal-containing biomolecules and assess metal/metalloid impact.
Conclusions:
- Combining metallomics and microbiota analysis provides a holistic view of microbial functions.
- Advanced analytical techniques are crucial for elucidating the role of metals/metalloids in gut microbiota and the gut-brain axis.
- Further research integrating multiple omics is necessary to understand dysbiosis related to metal exposure.
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