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Population-Level Approaches to Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Globally.

Karen R Siegel1, Ann L Albright2

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Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|August 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Preventing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) requires population-level strategies targeting food and built environments, alongside social and economic factors. This review examines the evidence for these approaches to manage the T2DM epidemic.

Keywords:
Built environmentNutritionPhysical activityPopulation-levelPreventionType 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Policy

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a growing epidemic influenced by societal factors and individual behaviors.
  • Effective T2DM management necessitates a dual approach targeting both high-risk individuals and the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the evidence on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of population-level strategies for T2DM prevention.
  • To identify knowledge gaps in current T2DM prevention research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on population-level T2DM prevention.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding modifications to the food environment.
  • Evaluation of strategies related to the built environment, physical activity, and socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports the effectiveness of modifying food and built environments for T2DM prevention.
  • Population-level interventions addressing social and economic determinants show promise.
  • Cost-effectiveness data varies across different intervention types.

Conclusions:

  • Population-level approaches are crucial for addressing the T2DM epidemic.
  • Further research is needed to optimize interventions and fill knowledge gaps.
  • Integrated strategies addressing environmental and socioeconomic factors are recommended for T2DM prevention.