Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes
Nasser Mikhail1, Soma Wali2, Arleen F Brown2
1Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, David-Geffen-UCLA School of Medicine, Sylmar, CA 91342, USA.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|August 17, 2021
Summary
Diabetes disparities significantly impact minority populations in the US, affecting incidence, control, and outcomes. Addressing these requires recognizing biological, behavioral, and social factors, alongside targeted interventions for high-risk groups.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Public Health
- Health Disparities Research
Background:
- Diabetes disproportionately affects minority populations in the U.S.
- Significant disparities observed in diabetes incidence, glycemic control, complications, mortality, and management.
- Key biological contributors include obesity, insulin resistance, and poor glycemic control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the multifaceted nature of diabetes disparities in minority groups.
- To emphasize the role of behavioral, social, and environmental factors.
- To recommend effective treatment and intervention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on diabetes disparities.
- Analysis of biological, behavioral, social, and environmental contributors.
- Evaluation of current treatment guidelines and intervention approaches.
Main Results:
- Obesity, insulin resistance, and inadequate glycemic control are primary biological drivers.
- Behavioral, social, and environmental factors perpetuate racial/ethnic differences.
- Metformin and SGLT2 inhibitors are identified as convenient treatment options for minority patients.
Conclusions:
- Multilevel interventions are essential to reduce diabetes disparities.
- Interventions must target patient, provider, health system, community, and policy levels.
- Addressing social determinants of health is critical for high-risk populations.
More Related Videos
05:54Quantification of Diabetes-induced Adherent Leukocytes in Retinal Vasculature
Published on: January 24, 2025
443
10:07Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
Published on: December 26, 2017
13.6K
Related Concept Videos
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
3.9K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.9K
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
2.2K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
2.2K
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
1.3K
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
1.3K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
3.5K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
3.5K
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
12.7K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
12.7K
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
842
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
842