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Diabetes in Youth: A Global Perspective
Anna R Kahkoska1, Dana Dabelea2
1Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, McGavran-Greenberg Hall 2205A, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|August 17, 2021
Summary
Pediatric diabetes, including type 1 and type 2, is rising globally, especially in certain racial/ethnic groups. Effective management focuses on glycemic control to prevent serious health issues in children and adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Public Health
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a significant health concern in pediatric populations globally.
- Increasing incidence rates of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are observed in youth.
- Rising obesity rates contribute to type 2 diabetes becoming a major form of pediatric diabetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric diabetes.
- To summarize current knowledge on epidemiology, etiology, management, and complications.
- To identify future research directions and opportunities in the field.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological data on pediatric diabetes incidence and prevalence.
- Analysis of etiological factors contributing to type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youth.
- Summary of current clinical guidelines for diabetes management in children and adolescents.
- Examination of acute and chronic complications associated with pediatric diabetes.
Main Results:
- Diabetes incidence is increasing in children and adolescents worldwide.
- Type 2 diabetes shows disproportionate increases in specific racial/ethnic subpopulations.
- Glycemic control is crucial for preventing diabetes-related complications in youth.
- Obesity is a key driver for the rise in pediatric type 2 diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric diabetes represents a growing global health challenge.
- Integrated approaches addressing epidemiology, etiology, and management are essential.
- Continued research is vital for improving outcomes and preventing complications in youth with diabetes.
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