Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

1.9K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.9K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

2.4K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.4K
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

2.1K
Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
2.1K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

2.0K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.0K
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

35.7K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
35.7K
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.2K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tripled Readout Slices in Multi Time-Point pCASL Using Multiband Look-Locker EPI.

PloS one·2015
Same author

Four Methods for Calculating Blood-loss after Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Chinese medical journal·2015
Same author

Vegetation Greening and Climate Change Promote Multidecadal Rises of Global Land Evapotranspiration.

Scientific reports·2015
Same author

The effects of RNA interference mediated VEGF gene silencing on biological behavior of renal cell carcinoma and transplanted renal tumor in nude mice.

Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers·2015
Same author

A Standardized DNA Variant Scoring System for Pathogenicity Assessments in Mendelian Disorders.

Human mutation·2015
Same author

[TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS].

Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
07:53

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

7.9K

Epigenetic Reprogramming in Early Animal Development.

Zhenhai Du1,2, Ke Zhang1,2, Wei Xie1,2

  • 1Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|August 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic reprogramming is crucial for early embryonic development, ensuring proper inheritance and resetting of epigenomes from gametes to zygotes. Understanding this process is key to preventing developmental failures.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets
07:08

Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.0K
Zygotic Fluorescence Recovery After Photo-bleaching Analysis for Chromatin Looseness That Allows Full-term Development
10:30

Zygotic Fluorescence Recovery After Photo-bleaching Analysis for Chromatin Looseness That Allows Full-term Development

Published on: June 12, 2018

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
07:53

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

7.9K
Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets
07:08

Author Spotlight: Reprogramming Cancer Cells to iPSCs to Study Disease Progression and Treatment Targets

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.0K
Zygotic Fluorescence Recovery After Photo-bleaching Analysis for Chromatin Looseness That Allows Full-term Development
10:30

Zygotic Fluorescence Recovery After Photo-bleaching Analysis for Chromatin Looseness That Allows Full-term Development

Published on: June 12, 2018

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Early development involves dramatic nuclear reorganization, transforming gametes into a totipotent zygote.
  • Failure in epigenome resetting during this period leads to severe embryo developmental defects and lethality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding epigenetic reprogramming during gametogenesis and embryogenesis.
  • To elucidate the role of epigenetic reprogramming in gamete maturation and the parental-to-zygotic transition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent findings utilizing ultrasensitive chromatin analysis technologies.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on epigenetic inheritance and reprogramming mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic reprogramming is essential for establishing zygotic totipotency and subsequent embryonic development.
  • Technologies like ultrasensitive chromatin analysis have significantly advanced our understanding of these processes.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding epigenetic reprogramming in early development.
  • Key questions remain regarding chromatin regulation and nuclear reprogramming for complete comprehension.