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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Evaluation and Manipulation of Neural Activity Using Two-Photon Holographic Microscopy

Evaluation and Manipulation of Neural Activity Using Two-Photon Holographic Microscopy

Published on: September 16, 2022

Probing neural codes with two-photon holographic optogenetics.

Hillel Adesnik¹, Lamiae Abdeladim²

¹Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and the Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. hadesnik@berkeley.edu.

Nature Neuroscience

|August 17, 2021

Summary

Optogenetics enables brain study, but limitations exist. Spatially precise multiphoton holographic optogenetics offers finer control, advancing neuroscience discovery for understanding brain function and disorders.

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Published on: February 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Optogenetics
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

Optogenetics revolutionized neuroscience by enabling targeted manipulation of neural activity.
Current optogenetic techniques often lack the spatial resolution needed to fully understand complex neural computations.
Finer spatial scale neural activity manipulation is crucial for deeper insights into brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advances in multiphoton holographic optogenetics.
To highlight technical challenges and potential experimental applications.
To discuss how this technology can bridge experimental and theoretical neuroscience.

Main Methods:

Utilizes multiphoton microscopy for precise light delivery.
Employs holographic techniques to control light patterns in three dimensions.
Enables simultaneous activation of spatially defined neuronal ensembles.

Main Results:

Demonstrates enhanced spatial and temporal control over neural activation.
Expands the scope of possible experimental perturbations in neural circuits.
Facilitates the creation of complex, biologically relevant neural activity patterns.

Conclusions:

Multiphoton holographic optogenetics overcomes previous spatial resolution limitations.
This technology accelerates neuroscience discovery by enabling novel experiments.
It provides a powerful tool for understanding neural codes for sensation, cognition, and behavior.