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Mitomycin induced pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
Afua Kunadu1, J Stephen Stalls2, Heloise Labuschagne1
1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, USA.
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
|August 17, 2021
Summary
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare condition linked to Mitomycin-C (MMC) chemotherapy. This case highlights MMC-induced PVOD in a patient with anal cancer, emphasizing diagnostic methods and limited treatment options.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) involving pulmonary venule remodeling.
- Mitomycin-C (MMC), an alkylating agent used in chemotherapy, is associated with lung toxicity and PVOD.
- PVOD incidence is notably higher in anal cancer patients, particularly after MMC treatment.
Observation:
- Diagnosis of PVOD can be achieved through noninvasive methods.
- Key diagnostic indicators include oxygen parameters, reduced diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, and high-resolution CT findings.
- A case of autopsy-confirmed MMC-induced PVOD in a patient with metastatic anal cancer is presented.
Findings:
- MMC is a potential cause of PVOD, especially in specific cancer patient populations.
- Noninvasive investigations are effective for diagnosing PVOD.
- Currently, no evidence-based medical therapies exist for PVOD.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of recognizing MMC-induced PVOD in anal cancer patients.
- Early diagnosis through noninvasive methods is crucial.
- Lung transplantation remains the primary definitive treatment for eligible PVOD patients.
Keywords:
Anal cancerMitomycin-CPulmonary arterial hypertensionPulmonary hypertensionPulmonary vasodilatorsPulmonary veno-occlusive diseaseRespiratory failureMore Related Videos
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