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Inverted and Programmable Poynting Effects in Metamaterials.

Aref Ghorbani1, David Dykstra2, Corentin Coulais2

  • 1Laboratory of Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708WG, The Netherlands.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|August 17, 2021
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Summary

Engineered metamaterials exhibit an inverted Poynting effect, contracting under torsion. Axial compression allows programming this effect, enabling novel applications in robotics and biomechanics.

Keywords:
Poynting effectmechanical metamaterialsnormal and shear modulinormal forcetorsion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Metamaterials

Background:

  • The Poynting effect, material extension perpendicular to shear, is difficult to design.
  • Isotropic solids have limited shear-normal deformation coupling.
  • Designed structures offer unique opportunities for controlling material responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a metamaterial with programmable Poynting effects.
  • To investigate the nonlinear twist response under compression.
  • To demonstrate control over shear and normal deformation couplings.

Main Methods:

  • Metamaterial design and fabrication.
  • Experimental testing of torsion and compression.
  • Programming the Poynting modulus via pre-compression.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated an inverted Poynting effect where compression induces nonlinear torsion.
  • Successfully programmed the Poynting modulus from negative to positive values.
  • Showcased nonlinear twist behavior under axial compression.

Conclusions:

  • Rational design enables programming nonlinear elastic moduli and shear-normal couplings.
  • Inverted and programmable Poynting effects in metamaterials offer diverse applications.
  • Potential applications include machine materials, soft robots, actuators, and biomedical devices.