Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

998
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
998
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

769
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
769
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

189
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
189
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

3.4K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
3.4K
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

898
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
898
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

971
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
971

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ocular and Systemic Pharmacokinetics of Baicalein and Baicalin After Intravitreal Injection and Oral Administration in Mice.

Pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

A digoxin derivative that potently reduces intraocular pressure: efficacy and mechanism of action in different animal models.

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology·2024
Same author

A review of using Traditional Chinese Medicine in the management of glaucoma and cataract.

Clinical & experimental optometry·2023
Same author

Differential Responses of Retinal Neurons and Glia Revealed via Proteomic Analysis on Primary and Secondary Retinal Ganglion Cell Degeneration.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023
Same author

Regulation of Aqueous Humor Secretion by Melatonin in Porcine Ciliary Epithelium.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023
Same author

Mechanistic Effects of Baicalein on Aqueous Humor Drainage and Intraocular Pressure.

International journal of molecular sciences·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

13.3K

Mechanistic links between systemic hypertension and open angle glaucoma.

Ying-Kun Cui1, Li Pan1, Tim Lam1

  • 1School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR.

Clinical & Experimental Optometry
|August 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Systemic hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a significant risk factor for open-angle glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Both very high and very low blood pressure levels increase glaucoma risk, suggesting complex blood pressure regulation is key.

Keywords:
Asystemic hypertensionIntraocular pressureOcular perfusion pressureglaucoma

More Related Videos

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
09:03

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Published on: June 20, 2015

10.2K
Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

13.3K
Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
09:03

Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye

Published on: June 20, 2015

10.2K
Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Systemic hypertension (high blood pressure) is a prevalent chronic, age-related disease globally.
  • Hypertension, defined as sustained blood pressure >140/90 mmHg, increases risks of stroke and heart attack.
  • Hypertension is associated with multiple ocular diseases, including cataract, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the link between systemic hypertension and open-angle glaucoma.
  • To discuss the potential role of blood pressure in the pathogenesis of open-angle glaucoma.
  • To examine the impact of both high and low blood pressure on glaucoma risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature linking hypertension and ocular diseases.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the association between blood pressure levels and open-angle glaucoma.
  • Discussion of proposed pathogenic mechanisms, including intraocular pressure, ocular blood flow, and inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Systemic hypertension is a recognized risk factor for open-angle glaucoma.
  • Both extremely high and extremely low blood pressure readings are associated with an elevated risk of open-angle glaucoma.
  • Altered intraocular pressure and/or ocular blood flow are implicated in hypertension's role in glaucoma pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic hypertension is a critical risk factor for open-angle glaucoma.
  • The relationship between blood pressure and glaucoma is complex, with both extremes posing risks.
  • Inflammation may be an additional factor contributing to the development and progression of both hypertension and glaucoma.