Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transduction01:16

Transduction

352
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
352
Limits to Natural Selection01:38

Limits to Natural Selection

33.0K
Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
33.0K
Speciation Rates01:07

Speciation Rates

21.8K
Overview
21.8K
Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

550
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
550
Natural Selection and Adaptation01:15

Natural Selection and Adaptation

839
Natural selection, a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology, is the mechanism by which evolution is driven, favoring organisms that are best adapted to their environments. This process enhances their chances of survival and reproduction. Adaptation, a key outcome of this process, involves genetic modifications that optimize an organism's functionality under specific environmental challenges, such as extreme cold or thinner air at high altitudes.
Beyond physical adaptations,...
839
What is Natural Selection?01:32

What is Natural Selection?

121.0K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
121.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<b>First description of ant-mutualism, nymphal morphology and vibrational signals in the genus <i>Nicomia</i> Stål (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Nicomiinae)</b>.

Zootaxa·2026
Same author

Genome-wide screen reveals a universal role of ATP in ciprofloxacin tolerance among genetically distinct <i>Escherichia coli</i> persisters.

mLife·2026
Same author

Type IX class utilizing cell signals for organizing toxin-antitoxin systems.

Trends in microbiology·2026
Same author

Single-cell analysis reveals critical toxin/antitoxin ratio triggering persister resuscitation.

Molecular systems biology·2026
Same author

Phages and quorum sensing: findings to consider in phage therapy.

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·2025
Same author

Soybean defoliation estimation methods and thresholds in the North Central United States.

Journal of economic entomology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution
08:11

Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution

Published on: June 14, 2024

1.0K

Adaptation without Specialization Early in a Host Shift.

Rafael L Rodríguez, Thomas K Wood, Frank W Stearns

    The American Naturalist
    |August 17, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Early speciation in treehoppers adapting to new host plants did not show performance trade-offs. Gene flow may aid adaptation by preventing extinction, but further mechanisms are needed for full speciation.

    Keywords:
    adaptationnovel environmentperformance trade-offspecializationspeciation with gene flowsympatric speciation

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions
    07:56

    Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions

    Published on: April 5, 2024

    2.1K
    Propagation of the Microsporidian Parasite Edhazardia aedis in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes
    05:29

    Propagation of the Microsporidian Parasite Edhazardia aedis in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

    Published on: August 13, 2020

    5.2K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Oct 23, 2025

    Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution
    08:11

    Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution

    Published on: June 14, 2024

    1.0K
    Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions
    07:56

    Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions

    Published on: April 5, 2024

    2.1K
    Propagation of the Microsporidian Parasite Edhazardia aedis in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes
    05:29

    Propagation of the Microsporidian Parasite Edhazardia aedis in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes

    Published on: August 13, 2020

    5.2K

    Area of Science:

    • Ecology
    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Speciation Research

    Background:

    • Speciation research investigates the role of performance trade-offs in adapting to new environments.
    • The Enchenopa binotata treehopper species complex displays host specialization, making it a model for studying adaptation.
    • Understanding early adaptation is crucial for explaining the divergence of species.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate early performance trade-offs during host shifts in Enchenopa binotata treehoppers.
    • To determine if adaptation to a novel host plant leads to reduced performance in the ancestral environment.
    • To assess the impact of sympatry and allopatry on adaptation and specialization.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted a host shift experiment with Enchenopa binotata over five generations.
    • Monitored adaptation and specialization in populations moved to novel host plants.
    • Compared outcomes in sympatric (with ancestral population) and allopatric (isolated) settings.

    Main Results:

    • Experimental host shifts resulted in either no adaptation or adaptation without specialization.
    • Adaptation without specialization was more frequent in sympatry.
    • Populations in allopatry on novel hosts were more prone to extinction.

    Conclusions:

    • Early adaptation to new host plants does not inherently cause performance trade-offs on ancestral environments.
    • Gene flow can facilitate adaptation by mitigating extinction risk.
    • Speciation may require additional factors like assortative mating for successful colonization of new environments.