Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 23, 2025
Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Published on: August 24, 2019
Fundamental movement skill proficiency and objectively measured physical activity in children with bronchiectasis: a
Barbara Joschtel1, Sjaan R Gomersall2, Sean Tweedy1
1School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Insights
Children with bronchiectasis show poor fundamental movement skills (FMS). Improving FMS may boost physical activity (PA) levels in these children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Pediatric Physical Therapy
- Childhood Physical Activity
Background:
- Bronchiectasis significantly impacts children's respiratory health and healthcare needs.
- Children with bronchiectasis often have low physical activity (PA), potentially linked to fundamental movement skills (FMS).
- Limited data exists on FMS in pediatric bronchiectasis, necessitating this study.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess FMS proficiency in children diagnosed with bronchiectasis.
- To investigate the relationship between FMS and objectively measured PA in this population.
Main Methods:
- Forty-six children with bronchiectasis underwent FMS assessment using the Test of Gross Motor Development 2nd Edition (TGMD-2).
- Physical activity was objectively measured using ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers.
- Accelerometer data was processed using a random forest algorithm to classify activity types and intensities, including moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA).
Main Results:
- A significant majority of children displayed deficits in key FMS like running, jumping, and throwing.
- Only 17.4% of children met age-equivalency for locomotor skills and 8.7% for object control skills.
- Children achieving FMS age-equivalency demonstrated significantly higher daily MVPA (51.7 min/day) compared to those who did not (36.7 min/day).
Conclusions:
- Children with bronchiectasis exhibit substantial delays in FMS development.
- Higher FMS proficiency correlates with increased daily MVPA in this cohort.
- Targeted therapeutic exercise programs aimed at enhancing FMS could be beneficial for children with bronchiectasis.
Background:
Bronchiectasis is a major contributor to respiratory morbidity and healthcare utilization in children. Children with bronchiectasis exhibit low levels of physical activity (PA) and poor fundamental movement skills (FMS) may be a contributing factor. However, there are no data on FMS's in this population. The current study assessed FMS proficiency in children with bronchiectasis and examined associations with objectively measured PA.
Methods:
Forty-six children with bronchiectasis (mean age 7.5 ± 2.6 year, 63% Male) were recruited from the Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane. PA was measured using the ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometer. Raw accelerometer data were processed into daily time spent in sedentary activities, light-intensity activities and games, walking, running, and moderate-to-vigorous activities and games using a random forest (RF) PA classification algorithm specifically developed for children. Daily MVPA was calculated by summing time spent in walking, running, and moderate-to-vigorous activities and games. FMS were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development 2nd Edition (TGMD-2).
Results:
Fewer than 5% of children demonstrated mastery in the run, gallop, hop, and leap; while fewer than 10% demonstrated mastery for the two-handed strike, overarm throw, and underarm throw. Only eight of the 46 children (17.4%) achieved their age equivalency for locomotor skills, while just four (8.7%) achieved their age equivalency for object control skills. One-way ANCOVA revealed that children achieving their age equivalency for FMS had significantly higher levels of MVPA than children not achieving their age equivalency (51.7 vs 36.7 min/day). When examined by the five activity classes predicted by the RF algorithm, children achieving their age equivalency exhibited significantly greater participation moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities and games (22.1 vs 10.7 min/day). No significant differences were observed for sedentary activities, light-intensity activities and games, walking, and running.
Conclusion:
Children with bronchiectasis exhibit significant delays in their FMS development. However, those who meet their age equivalency for FMS proficiency participate in significantly more daily MVPA than children who do not meet their age-equivalency. Therapeutic exercise programs designed to improve FMS proficiency are thus likely to be beneficial in this population.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies
Medical History
01:24Chest Physiotherapy
Purpose
CPT is primarily used for patients with excessive bronchial secretions who have difficulty clearing...
01:25Pulmonary Function Tests
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
01:24Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Palpation
Thoracic Palpation
Thoracic palpation detects tenderness, masses, lesions, respiratory excursions, and vocal fremitus. The nurse assesses...
01:27Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
01:23Assessment of Respiration
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...