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Bone Marrow Transplantation Procedures in Mice to Study Clonal Hematopoiesis
Published on: May 26, 2021
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Clonal hematopoiesis and bone marrow failure syndromes
Sergiu Pasca1, Lukasz P Gondek1
1Department of Oncology, Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Haematology
|August 18, 2021
Summary
Bone marrow failure syndromes (BMF) involve inefficient blood cell production and can lead to cancer. Clonal hematopoiesis may offer a survival advantage but increases malignancy risk, necessitating early detection and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Genetics
- Oncology
Background:
- Bone marrow failure syndromes (BMF) are a diverse group of disorders.
- They are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis (blood cell production).
- BMF can present with extra-hematopoietic features and carry a risk of myeloid malignancy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the pathophysiology of BMF, including acquired and inherited causes.
- To investigate the role of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in BMF.
- To understand how CH may influence the risk of myeloid malignancies.
Main Methods:
- Review of BMF pathophysiology, encompassing immune-mediated attacks and intrinsic stem cell defects.
- Analysis of mechanisms underlying CH in BMF.
- Examination of the link between CH adaptations and leukemogenesis.
Main Results:
- BMF involves impaired hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function due to extrinsic or intrinsic factors.
- CH can arise in BMF, potentially offering HSCs a fitness advantage.
- This adaptation, especially involving oncogenes/tumor suppressors, can elevate the risk of myeloid malignancies.
Conclusions:
- Understanding CH mechanisms in BMF is crucial for predicting disease progression.
- Surveillance for leukemogenic clones in BMF patients is vital.
- Early detection and intervention can improve outcomes and survival rates.
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