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TMEM16F and dynamins control expansive plasma membrane reservoirs
Christine Deisl1, Donald W Hilgemann2, Ruhma Syeda3
1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Dallas, TX, USA.
Nature Communications
|August 18, 2021
Summary
Cells utilize a novel mechanism for plasma membrane expansion involving dynamin-regulated invaginations. Calcium-activated TMEM16F triggers phospholipid scrambling, allowing these compartments to open and increase cell surface area.
Area of Science:
- Cell biology
- Membrane dynamics
- Biophysics
Background:
- Cells expand plasma membrane via undulations and exocytosis.
- A third mechanism involving dynamin-regulated invaginations is proposed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate a novel mechanism of plasma membrane expansion.
- To investigate the roles of dynamin and TMEM16F in membrane dynamics.
Main Methods:
- Genetic manipulation (deletion/re-expression of TMEM16F and dynamins).
- Live-cell imaging of Dynamin2-GFP.
- Biochemical assays for phospholipid scrambling.
- Stimulation of mechanosensitive channels.
Main Results:
- TMEM16F activation and calcium influx trigger phospholipid scrambling, leading to compartment opening.
- Dynamins regulate the closure of these membrane invaginations.
- Loss of TMEM16F or dynamin impairs membrane expansion.
- Mechanosensitive channel activation mimics TMEM16F function.
Conclusions:
- Dynamins and TMEM16F control substantial plasma membrane reserves.
- These reserves are accessed through a calcium-dependent mechanism involving phospholipid scrambling.
- Membrane invaginations offer a new pathway for plasma membrane expansion in response to cellular stress.
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