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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

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Lumbar spondylolysis - Current concepts review.

Ujjwal K Debnath1,2

  • 1Professor of Orthopaedics, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata.

Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
|August 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Lumbar spondylolysis, a stress fracture of the pars interarticularis, commonly affects young athletes. Early diagnosis and conservative treatment, including stabilization exercises, are key, with surgical repair for persistent pain.

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Predictive Factors for the Outcome of Surgical Treatment of Lumbar Spondylolysis in Young Sporting Individuals.

Global spine journal·2018

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Lumbar spondylolysis, a stress fracture of the pars interarticularis (PI), is unique to humans and often linked to repetitive hyperextension.
  • It most frequently occurs at L5 or L4, can be bilateral or unilateral, and is prevalent in young athletes participating in sports involving trunk rotation.
  • Symptoms include activity-related low back pain, progressing from stress reaction to complete fracture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of lumbar spondylolysis.
  • To highlight the effectiveness of conservative management and surgical interventions for PI defects.
  • To identify predictors of functional outcomes in patients with lumbar spondylolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging (radiography, CT, MRI), and treatment strategies.
Keywords:
Direct repairLumbar spondylolysisPars defectPars interarticularis defectPars stress injury

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  • Analysis of conservative management, including rehabilitation and return-to-sport criteria.
  • Evaluation of surgical techniques (Modified Buck's, pedicle screw-hook constructs, minimally invasive repair) and functional outcome measures (VAS, ODI, SF-36).

    • Main Results:

    • Conservative treatment is effective for early-stage lesions, emphasizing core stabilization exercises.
    • Surgical repair, including minimally invasive options, shows high success rates for persistent pain, with reduced complications.
    • Preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and SF-36 physical component scores (PCS) predict favorable functional outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Lumbar spondylolysis requires a tailored treatment approach based on symptom severity and radiographic stage.
    • Early intervention and appropriate rehabilitation are crucial for athletes to prevent chronic pain and disability.
    • Surgical repair offers a viable solution for refractory cases, with minimally invasive techniques providing advantages.