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Refining livestock mortality indicators: a systematic review.

Johanna T Wong1, Ciara Vance1, Andrew Peters1

  • 1Supporting Evidence-Based Interventions - Livestock, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.

Gates Open Research
|August 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Standardizing livestock mortality indicators is crucial for accurate data. A proposed young stock mortality risk indicator covers the highest risk period from birth to six months for cattle, sheep, and goats.

Keywords:
Livestock mortalitymortality ratemortality riskneonatal mortalityperinatal mortalityyoung stock mortality.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary epidemiology
  • Animal science
  • Agricultural economics

Background:

  • Livestock mortality significantly impacts farmer livelihoods and household nutrition.
  • Accurate, localized, and national livestock mortality data are essential for effective intervention planning and evaluation.
  • Current livestock mortality data is disparate, with non-standardized indicators hindering analysis.

Approach:

  • A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles (until 2020) on cattle, sheep, and goat mortality was conducted.
  • The review assessed age-based mortality indicator definitions and age distribution data.
  • Indicator definitions and age groups were collated and compared across studies.

Key Points:

  • Most studies reported mortality risk, not rate, with inconsistent indicator definitions.
  • Common indicators included perinatal and neonatal mortality (cattle) and perinatal, neonatal, and pre-weaning mortality (sheep and goats).
  • Direct age distribution comparison was limited, but for cattle, ~80% of first-year mortality occurred by six months.

Conclusions:

  • Standardizing mortality risk indicators is vital for consistent data and cross-study comparisons.
  • A standardized young stock mortality risk indicator, measuring mortality from birth to six months, is recommended for cattle, sheep, and goats.
  • This standardization will improve the assessment of livestock mortality impacts and intervention effectiveness.