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Hemorheological Approach to Improve Perfusion of Red Blood Cells with Reduced Deformability Using Drag-Reducing

Dan Crompton1,2, Shushma Gudla1,2, Jonathan H Waters1,2,3

  • 1From the Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
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Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) improve blood flow by altering red blood cell (RBC) traffic in microchannels. These additives show potential for clinical use by enhancing the passage of less-deformable RBCs.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) are water-soluble additives that beneficially alter hemodynamics.
  • Previous studies explored DRPs in straight tubes; this research extends findings to branched microchannels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate DRPs' effect on the flow of normal and less-deformable red blood cells (RBCs) in branched microchannels.
  • To support DRPs for potential clinical applications by examining their impact on microvascular perfusion.

Main Methods:

  • Branched polydimethylsiloxane microchannels were perfused with a mixture of normal and heat-treated (less-deformable) bovine RBCs at 30% hematocrit.
  • Poly(ethylene oxide) DRPs (10 ppm) were added, and suspensions were driven by syringe pump.
  • RBC dimensions and proportions at outlets were measured under shear stress.

Main Results:

  • DRPs eliminated plasma skimming phenomena in branched microchannels.
  • A significant increase in the proportion of healthy RBCs exiting the branch outlet was observed with DRPs (+12.1%) compared to controls (-8.5%).
  • DRPs significantly increased the pressure drop across the microchannels.

Conclusions:

  • DRP additives can improve the in vivo perfusion of less-deformable red blood cells.
  • These findings indicate the potential for DRPs in future clinical applications for enhancing microvascular flow.