The Prevalence of Fusional Vergence Dysfunction in a Population in Iran

To determine the prevalence of fusional vergence dysfunction (FVD) and its relationship with age, sex, and refractive errors in a population-based study.

In this cross-sectional study, all residents of Mashhad, northeast of Iran, aged >1 year were subjected to random stratified cluster sampling. After selecting the participants, they all underwent complete optometric examinations including the measurement of visual acuity and refraction, assessment of binocular vision and accommodative status, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy.

Of 4453 invited individuals, 3132 participated in the study. After applying the exclusion criteria, statistical analysis was performed on the data of 1683 participants. The prevalence of FVD was 3.2% in all participants, 4.0% in men, and 2.9% in women (P = 0.234). The prevalence of FVD increased linearly with aging from 2.3% in the age group of 10-19 years to 5.4% in the age group of 40-49 years (P = 0.034). The prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, and emmetropia was 11.1%, 29.6%, and 59.3% in participants with FVD and 16.7%, 26.4%, and 57% in participants without FVD, respectively (P = 0.570). Multiple logistic regression analysis only showed a significant association between age and FVD (odds ratio =1.03 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.05, P = 0.031).

The prevalence of FVD in this study was higher than most previous reports and increased significantly with aging. FVD had no significant association with sex and refractive errors.