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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution

Membrane Transport Processes Analyzed by a Highly Parallel Nanopore Chip System at Single Protein Resolution

Published on: August 16, 2016

Single polypeptide detection using a translocon EXP2 nanopore.

Mitsuki Miyagi¹, Sotaro Takiguchi¹, Kazuaki Hakamada¹

¹Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, Japan.

|August 19, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored the EXP2 nanopore for peptide detection. This biological nanopore, derived from malaria parasites, successfully detected poly-L-lysine at the single-molecule level, advancing protein sequencing technology.

Keywords:

lipid bilayer microfluidics nanopore peptide sensing translocon

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Last Updated: Oct 23, 2025

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Nanotechnology
Biochemistry

Background:

Nanopore technology has been commercialized for DNA sequencing.
Advancing nanopore technology to protein sequencing is the next frontier.
Discriminating amino acids using biological nanopores and peptide carriers presents challenges, including size compatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the potential of the EXP2 protein from malaria parasites as a biological nanopore for peptide sensing.
To investigate the pore-forming properties of EXP2 in a lipid bilayer.
To assess the resolution of the EXP2 nanopore for distinguishing peptides based on molecular weight.

Main Methods:

Characterization of the pore-forming properties of the EXP2 protein in a lipid bilayer.
Assembly of the EXP2 nanopore from 7 monomers, forming a 2.5 nm diameter pore.
Single-molecule detection of poly-L-lysine (PLL) using the EXP2 nanopore.

Main Results:

The EXP2 protein formed a stable nanopore suitable for peptide sensing.
The EXP2 nanopore enabled single-molecule detection of poly-L-lysine.
The nanopore demonstrated sufficient resolution to differentiate between long (Mw: 30,000-70,000) and short (Mw: 10,000) poly-L-lysine molecules.

Conclusions:

The EXP2 nanopore shows promise for peptide detection and contributes to the development of nanopore-based protein sequencing.
This study provides valuable information on peptide-detectable biological nanopores.
EXP2's pore characteristics are suitable for distinguishing peptides by molecular weight.