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Cembranoids from Boswellia species.

Ahmed Al-Harrasi1, Satya Kumar Avula1, René Csuk2

  • 1Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Postal Code 616, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.

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|August 19, 2021
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Summary

Frankincense’s cembranoids, potent diterpenes, exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant effects. This review details their chemistry, biogenesis, and bioactivity, correcting structural errors.

Keywords:
BioactivityBiogenesisBoswelliaCembranoidsChemistryFrankincense

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Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Phytochemistry

Background:

  • Frankincense (Boswellia species) contains di- and triterpenes with traditional medicinal uses.
  • Boswellic acids (triterpenes) are well-studied, while cembranoids (diterpenes) are gaining recent attention for their biological activities.
  • Cembranoids, 14-membered ring diterpenes, are key contributors to frankincense's anti-inflammatory properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the chemistry, biogenesis, and bioactivity of cembranoids from Boswellia species.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of cembranoids, including anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant properties.
  • To address and correct structural discrepancies in previously reported cembranoid compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of publications up to the end of 2020.
  • Discussion of isolation, chemical structures, synthetic studies, biogenesis, and bioactivity of cembranoids.
  • Comparative analysis of existing literature to identify and rectify structural errors.

Main Results:

  • Cembranoids are major constituents of frankincense, responsible for its biological activities.
  • Significant anti-inflammatory and emerging anti-depressant properties of cembranoids are confirmed.
  • Correction of several wrongly assigned cembranoid structures presented in the literature.

Conclusions:

  • Cembranoids represent a promising class of compounds from frankincense with diverse therapeutic applications.
  • Further research into cembranoid chemistry and pharmacology is warranted.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview and corrects the record on Boswellia cembranoids.