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Related Concept Videos

Sinusoidal Sources01:18

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Direct current (DC) refers to an electric current that flows in a single direction, maintaining a constant polarity. This is in contrast to alternating current (AC), which periodically changes its direction and magnitude. AC forms the backbone of modern electricity transmission and distribution systems due to its efficient long-distance transmission capabilities.
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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Management of Respiratory Motion Artefacts in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography using an Amplitude-Based Optimal Respiratory Gating Algorithm
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Optimal and efficient generation of sine-Gordon breathers.

Xinyun Liu1, Mei Wen1, Xiezhi Mao1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics (MOE) and Institute of Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China.

Physical Review. E
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Optimally designed defects in sine-Gordon chains drastically reduce the threshold for generating breather trains. This breakthrough enables highly controllable and efficient breather emission using ultraweak driving forces.

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear dynamics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Computational physics

Background:

  • Sine-Gordon chains support complex excitations like breathers.
  • Controlling breather generation typically requires significant energy input.
  • Defect engineering is a promising approach to modify system dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if optimized defects can lower the threshold for breather train generation.
  • To achieve highly controllable and efficient breather emission.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of breather excitation.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical investigation of the sine-Gordon model.
  • Numerical simulations of breather train generation.
  • Variational approach for defect parameter optimization.

Main Results:

  • An optimally designed defect structure reduces the breather generation threshold by nearly two orders of magnitude.
  • Decoupling of in-phase and antiphase branches allows independent minimization of the driving threshold.
  • Achieved emission of high-amplitude, well-formed breathers with ultraweak driving.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized defects offer a highly efficient and controllable method for breather emission in sine-Gordon chains.
  • The findings provide insights into breather excitation mechanisms relevant to biological processes like DNA-protein interactions.
  • This work paves the way for novel applications in nonlinear systems and potentially biomolecular dynamics.