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This study presents a new method for quantum fluctuation relations in open quantum systems, using quantum jump trajectories without standard two-point measurements. This advances understanding of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Statistical physics
  • Non-equilibrium thermodynamics

Background:

  • Quantum fluctuation relations are crucial for understanding non-equilibrium processes.
  • Existing methods often rely on the two-point measurement scheme.
  • Open quantum systems exhibit complex dynamics due to environmental interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a general scheme for quantum fluctuation relations in open quantum systems.
  • To generalize fluctuation relations beyond the standard two-point measurement approach.
  • To provide a framework applicable to Markovian nonunitary dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a general scheme for quantum fluctuation relations.
  • Utilizing quantum jump trajectory unravelling for open quantum systems.
  • Application of large deviation techniques, including the tilted ensemble and Doob transform.
  • Analysis of Markovian nonunitary dynamics.

Main Results:

  • A novel general scheme for quantum fluctuation relations in open quantum systems.
  • Generalization of fluctuation relations to quantum systems from classical counterparts.
  • Demonstration of the scheme's applicability without the two-point measurement scheme.
  • Illustrative examples showcasing the features of the derived results.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scheme offers a new perspective on fluctuation relations in open quantum systems.
  • The findings extend the applicability of fluctuation relations to a broader range of quantum dynamics.
  • This work contributes significantly to the understanding of non-equilibrium quantum phenomena.