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Related Concept Videos

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Water-Bridge-Assisted Ionic Conduction in Probe-Induced Conical Polymer Pattern Formation.

X N Xie1, H J Chung2, C H Sow2

  • 1NUS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative (NUSNNI), National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|August 20, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atomic force microscopy nanolithography creates conical polymer structures. Conduction is primarily ionic, facilitated by water bridges, without degrading the polymer.

Keywords:
Lithography, nano-Patterning, surfacePoly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) enables nanoscale material manipulation.
  • Understanding electrical conduction mechanisms in patterned polymers is crucial for device fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of conical polymer structures using AFM nanolithography.
  • To elucidate the electrical conduction mechanism during AFM-induced polymer patterning.

Main Methods:

  • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) nanolithography was employed for polymer patterning.
  • Electrical transport measurements were conducted to analyze the conduction mechanism.

Main Results:

  • Conical polymer structures were successfully fabricated using AFM nanolithography.
  • The primary conduction mechanism identified was water-bridge-assisted ionic conduction.
  • Polymer phase transition and mass redistribution occurred without material degradation.

Conclusions:

  • AFM nanolithography is effective for creating defined polymer nanostructures.
  • Ionic conduction via water bridges plays a key role in AFM probe-induced patterning of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).
  • The process allows for structural modification without compromising material integrity.