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Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification LAMP Assays for the Species-specific Detection of Eimeria that Infect Chickens

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Pullorum Disease: Evolution of the Eradication Strategy.

K A Schat¹, K V Nagaraja², Y M Saif³

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, kas24@cornell.edu.

|August 20, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pullorum disease, historically known as bacillary white diarrhea, significantly impacted the poultry industry. Its control, driven by early research and the National Poultry Improvement Plan, enabled modern intensive poultry production.

Keywords:

Salmonella Pullorum history pullorum disease white bacillary diarrhea

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Area of Science:

Avian Health Research
Poultry Science
Bacteriology

Background:

Pullorum disease (PD), initially called bacillary white diarrhea (BWD), was a major threat to young chickens and the developing poultry industry in the early 1900s.
Dr. Leo F. Rettger's isolation and description of *Salmonella enterica* serotype Pullorum in 1900 marked a pivotal moment in understanding the pathogen.

Observation:

Rettger and colleagues demonstrated vertical transmission of *Salmonella* Pullorum, a groundbreaking discovery for pathogen transmission.
The development of serologic tests was crucial for identifying and eradicating carrier birds, a key step in disease control.

Findings:

The collective efforts of pioneering researchers and the establishment of the National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) in 1935 led to effective pullorum disease eradication strategies.
By 1967, commercial chicken hatcheries participating in the NPIP achieved 100% freedom from pullorum and typhoid diseases.

Implications:

The successful control of pullorum disease was fundamental to the development of intensive poultry production and the modern poultry industry.
The historical success underscores the effectiveness of early research methodologies and cooperative efforts in managing significant animal health challenges.