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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms
Published on: May 25, 2018
From genome scissors to molecular scalpel: evolution of CRISPR systems
Daniel Guzmán-Zapata1, Brigitte V Vargas-Morales2, Víctor M Loyola-Vargas1
1Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, México.
Abstract:
From bizarre palindromic repeats to a bacterial defense mechanism, to genome editing tool, and more, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats or CRISPR has significantly impacted the way we study genome modification in less than a decade. In this review, we would like to highlight some key players over 30 years of research and explain this biotechnological tool's basic mechanisms. We also refer to the evolution of the CRISPR variants and some of the applications derived from them. The understanding and upgrading of this system will be a valuable tool in the years to come to solve some of the challenges in diverse fields from pharmaceuticals to therapeutics, from basic plant genetics to crop improvement, from metabolic engineering to waste management and industrial processing.
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