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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
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Related Experiment Video

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A Preclinical Model of Exertional Heat Stroke in Mice
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[Design and application of a split first aid suit for heat stroke].

Yuxiang Zhang1, Yang Liu2

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China.

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
|August 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new split first aid suit offers rapid cooling for exertional heat stroke patients in field settings. This reusable suit aids in emergency transport, improving clinical outcomes by enabling timely temperature reduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Sports Medicine
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Rising global temperatures and increased participation in high-intensity sports contribute to a growing incidence of heat stroke.
  • Heat stroke is a critical medical emergency with a potential mortality rate as high as 50% if not treated promptly and effectively.
  • Current emergency transport and evaluation protocols often exceed the critical 30-minute window for effective cooling in exertional heat stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative first aid suit for the field treatment and transportation of heat stroke patients.
  • To enable early, rapid, and effective cooling in environments lacking adequate medical supplies and water.
  • To address the urgent need for improved pre-hospital management of exertional heat stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Design and development of a split first aid suit by medical staff specializing in critical care medicine.
  • The suit is constructed from a temperature-changeable fabric composed of porous silica gel and potassium nitrate.
  • Features include a sleeveless coat, hat, sleeves, and pants connected by specific pieces for secure transport, alongside a controlled water injection system.

Main Results:

  • The split first aid suit is designed for easy carrying, use, and transportation of heat stroke patients in harsh environments.
  • Utilizes a temperature-changeable fabric providing a service temperature of 14-18°C to prevent frostbite.
  • The controlled water injection system ensures consistent cooling effects, with a low cost and reusability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed split first aid suit facilitates effective cooling for heat stroke patients during movement, rescue, and transportation.
  • It offers a practical and reusable solution for on-site emergency care and transport, improving patient outcomes.
  • This innovation addresses limitations in current field treatments for heat stroke, particularly concerning the critical early cooling phase.