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Weight Loss Interventions for Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities: An RCT
Lauren T Ptomey1, Richard A Washburn2, Jeannine R Goetz3
1Departments of Internal Medicine lptomey@kumc.edu.
Pediatrics
|August 20, 2021
Summary
The enhanced stop light diet (eSLD) led to greater weight loss in adolescents with disabilities compared to the conventional diet (CD). Remote delivery was as effective as face-to-face for the CD, but eSLD showed benefits remotely.
Area of Science:
- Obesity research
- Developmental disabilities
- Public health interventions
Background:
- Adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at higher risk for obesity.
- Effective weight management strategies are needed for this population.
- Comparing different dietary approaches and delivery methods is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effectiveness of an enhanced stop light diet (eSLD) versus a conventional diet (CD).
- To evaluate the impact of remote delivery (RD) versus face-to-face (FTF) strategies.
- To assess weight loss over 6 months in overweight/obese adolescents with IDD.
Main Methods:
- Randomized trial with 110 adolescents (aged ~16 years, 53% female, BMI 33).
- Three arms: FTF/CD, RD/CD, and RD/eSLD, with bi-weekly health educator sessions.
- eSLD used portion-controlled meals; CD followed US guidelines; FTF was in-person, RD used video conferencing.
Main Results:
- The eSLD group achieved significantly greater weight loss (-5.0 kg) compared to the RD/CD group (-1.8 kg; P=.01).
- Weight loss did not significantly differ between FTF/CD (-0.3 kg) and RD/CD (-1.8 kg; P=.20).
- High adherence was observed across groups.
Conclusions:
- The eSLD is more effective for weight loss than the CD in adolescents with IDD, especially when delivered remotely.
- Remote delivery is a viable option for weight management interventions in this population.
- Conventional diets showed minimal, non-significant weight loss regardless of delivery method.
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