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Residential Net-Zero Energy Buildings: Review and Perspective
1School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
|August 20, 2021
Summary
Residential net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs) significantly cut energy use and emissions. This review details recent advances in NZEB infrastructure, renewable energy, and efficiency measures for global adoption.
Area of Science:
- Sustainable building design
- Renewable energy integration
- Energy efficiency technologies
Background:
- Residential buildings are major energy consumers and greenhouse gas emitters.
- Net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs) offer a solution to reduce environmental impact.
- A systematic review of recent NZEB advancements is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of recent progress in residential NZEBs.
- To support the global implementation of NZEBs by offering references and insights.
- To categorize NZEB design considerations into infrastructure, renewables, and efficiency.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of advancements in residential NZEBs over the last decade.
- Categorization of NZEB design strategies into three main areas: energy infrastructure, renewable energy sources, and energy efficiency measures.
- Analysis of various technologies within each category, including grid connections, energy storage, solar, wind, biomass, HVAC, and advanced materials.
Main Results:
- Recent developments in electrical grids, district heating/cooling, and energy storage (vehicle-to-home, hydrogen) for NZEBs.
- Integration of solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, wind, biomass, and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems in residential NZEBs.
- Advances in building envelope design, HVAC systems, domestic hot water, and phase change materials for enhanced energy efficiency.
Conclusions:
- Diverse technology options exist for residential NZEBs, allowing for climate-specific and cost-effective design.
- The review highlights key technologies and provides references to facilitate wider adoption of NZEBs.
- Successful implementation of NZEBs requires careful consideration of local factors like climate, building codes, and energy resources.
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