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Kinematic alignment in total knee arthroplasty
Patrick Weber1,2,3, Hans Gollwitzer4
1ECOM-Excellent Center of Medicine, Arabellastr. 17, 81925, Munich, Germany. patrick.weber@atos.de.
Operative Orthopadie Und Traumatologie
|August 20, 2021
Summary
Kinematic alignment in total knee arthroplasty restores natural joint function, leading to improved patient outcomes and range of motion. This technique demonstrates a high prosthesis survival rate at mid-term follow-up.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Biomechanical Engineering
Background:
- Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to restore function and alleviate pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
- Traditional mechanical alignment techniques may not fully replicate natural knee biomechanics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the principles and techniques of kinematic alignment in TKA.
- To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prosthesis survival rates associated with kinematic alignment.
Main Methods:
- Kinematic alignment involves implanting prostheses based on individual joint line, leg axis, and ligament tension.
- A medial parapatellar approach with cruciate ligament and meniscus resection is utilized.
- Femur-first technique with specific rotational and alignment considerations based on native joint anatomy.
Main Results:
- Randomized studies indicate superior functional outcomes (Knee Society Score) and range of motion compared to mechanical alignment.
- Meta-analyses support better results for kinematically aligned knees.
- Mid-term follow-up (10 years) shows a 97.5% prosthesis survival rate.
Conclusions:
- Kinematic alignment offers improved functional results and range of motion in TKA patients.
- The technique demonstrates excellent mid-term prosthesis survival, suggesting its efficacy and durability.
