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Defining the Program of Maternal mRNA Translation during In vitro Maturation using a Single Oocyte Reporter Assay
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Defining the Program of Maternal mRNA Translation during In vitro Maturation using a Single Oocyte Reporter Assay

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What defines the maternal transcriptome?

László Tora1,2,3,4, Stéphane D Vincent1,2,3,4

  • 1Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67404 Illkirch, France.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|August 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mouse oocytes utilize a unique transcription factor, TBPL2, for gene expression, independent of TFIID/TBP. This maternal transcriptome is crucial for early development until zygotic genome activation, undergoing significant mRNA remodeling.

Keywords:
RNA decayRNA polymerase II transcriptionTBPL2early embryomouse oocytesreadenylation

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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Somatic cells initiate transcription via TFIID/TBP, but oocytes use TBPL2, a TBP paralog.
  • Growing oocytes store maternal mRNAs, forming the maternal transcriptome, essential for early development post-fertilization.
  • Transcription is silenced in oocytes post-growth, making maternal mRNAs the sole source for protein synthesis until zygotic genome activation (ZGA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding maternal mRNA dynamics in the mouse.
  • To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms governing the maternal transcriptome during oocyte growth and early development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of past and recent data on mouse maternal transcriptome dynamics.
  • Analysis of transcription factor roles (TBP, TBPL2, TFIID, TFIIA) in oocyte gene expression.
  • Examination of mRNA processing events: deadenylation, decapping, and readenylation.

Main Results:

  • Oocyte transcription is TFIID/TBP-independent, relying on TBPL2 which associates with TFIIA.
  • The maternal transcriptome undergoes significant reshaping via mRNA degradation and translation regulation.
  • Post-ZGA, maternal transcripts are largely cleared, ensuring developmental progression.

Conclusions:

  • TBPL2 plays a critical role in TFIID/TBP-independent oocyte transcription.
  • Maternal mRNA dynamics are tightly regulated to support oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development.
  • Recent research has significantly advanced our understanding of these crucial processes in mice.